Aeroplane



J. ELLARD. AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16, 1918.

.Zwerzibrr Patented June 15, 1920.

3 SHEETS$HEET l- J. ELLABD.

- AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16, I918- m 9L 1T 14 mm E J m H m P lwzlenior .I. ELLARD.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16. l9l8.

1,343,49 V PatentedJune15,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

'Qnvenim Walla-r I'll,

UNITED s Ar s JEFFERSON Emman, or TEXHGMA, OKLAHOMA.

=AEROPLANE.

Sfeeifi'cationbf lfetters la'te'n't. Pate a Junie .5 32a Application fiIed -Marh 16, 1918; Serial No. 222,805.

To a'ZZ whom it concern: 7

Be it known that I, Jnrrnnson' ELLARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Texhoma, inth'e county of Texas-and'state of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in aeroplanes, of which the followingisaspeciiication.

My invention relates to improvements in aeroplanes, particularly of the type-known as triplanes, and one of 'the main-objects of my invention is the provision of amachine which will dispose the body or fuselage of the machine after the manner of the wings. of a bird with reference to its body, thereby insuring a greater stability to the ma chine, also insuring the presentation of a large area of wing surface in a reduced size of machine. Another object of my machine is the properrelation or disposition of the fuselage, wings and tail structure to permit the machine to lift, descend and be easily handled or maneuvered, and which will be constructed light in weight but properly trussed and braced to make a strong and durable structure capable of standing the great strain to which such a machine is naturally subjected.

Another object of my invention is the provision of an aeroplane the parts of' which are easily accessible for the purpose of repair; which is of simple and inexpensive construction; and generally in all re spects efficient and practical.

With the attainment of these objects in view the invention consists of an aeroplane embodying novel features of construction and combination of parts, substantially as shown, described and claimed herein.

In order that the details of construction of my machine may be fully comprehended and its advantages be fully appreciated, I have shown in the accompanying drawings an aeroplane embodying my improvements.

Figure 1 represents a side view of an aeroplane constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 represents a top plan view of the complete machine, partly broken away to show important details of construction, and

Fig. 3 represents a front end view ofthe machine.

The machine may be said to consist of'the main portion or body A, which is of substantially rectangular form, the engine B, of any desired type mounted in the body,

are preferably covered with a suitable fab ric, and mounted at the extremity of the tail is the rudder J, having the transverse arms K, to which lead the connections L, from the hand levers M, which move the arms and naturally the rudder for steering the plane.

The centrally disposed body as before stated is lower than the side planes or wings to properly dispose the weight of the machine, and inclined wings or flaps N, form the continuation and connection between the body and side planes thus while the body is below the side planes, the entire upper and lower surface may be called a winged or plane presentation, which thus in a small space presents a very large wing surface, while the depressing of the central and body portion disposes the weight in the most advantageous position to steady and stabilize the plane.

The machine'is provided with a suitable landing truck 0, in which are mounted the wheels, while at the rear and under the rudder of the machine and connected with the tail is the skid P, the landing wheels and skid allowing the machine to land without improper ar or shock to the machine.

Upon the horizontal supporting structure Q, in the body of the machine is disposed the pairs of studs R and R in which are mounted the pair of rock shafts S and S each formed at their outer end with a crank T, connected by links U, with the cranks V, of the rock shafts V mounted in the two side frames at W', and having secured theretothe planes X, for causing the machine to rise or descend, according to the movement of the foot treadles Y, rigidly attached to the rock shafts S and S as will be apparent, the tilting of the treadles rocking either of the shafts and through their connection with the rock shafts of the planes X, moving either of said planes, or both if desired.

The entire structure composing my machine is of wood which is properly braced and trussed to form a structure which while light in weight, still possesses great strength to withstand the terrific tension and strain to which it must be subjected.

The machine it will be observed has a large wing area in a compact space, the arrangement of the inclined wing connection of the central body portion with the side planes makes practically a continuous wing over the entire body and side planes, also the depression of the body with regard to the side planes disposes the weight below the wings and imparts stability and steadiness to the machine, also the means for operating or the control is extremely simple and easily manipulated by the aviator, and generally the machine is of the simplest and cheapest possible construction when efliciency and the production of a practical aeroplane is considered.

I claim:

An aeroplane consisting of the main frame, tail and side frames, the upper, lower and intermediate Wings carried by the side frames, the inclined wings or flaps connecting the main and side frames, the rudder and controlling mechanism, the tilting Wings mounted in the side frames between the lower and intermediate wings, and the foot operated mechanism for controlling said tilting wings to regulate the ascent and descent of the machine.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JEFFERSON ELLARD.

Witnesses:

CHAS. CHAPMAN, P. M. HARcRovE. 

